Authors: Morten L. Bech and Elizabeth Klee
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Staff Reports
The Mechanics of a Graceful Exit: Interest on Reserves and Segmentation in the Federal Funds Market
December
2009 Number 416
JEL classification: E4, E58, G21, G28
To combat the financial crisis that intensified in the fall of 2008, the Federal Reserve injected a substantial amount of liquidity into the banking system. The resulting increase in reserve balances exerted downward price pressure in the federal funds market, and the effective federal funds rate began to deviate from the target rate set by the Federal Open Market Committee. In response, the Federal Reserve revised its operational framework for implementing monetary policy and began to pay interest on reserve balances in an attempt to provide a floor for the federal funds rate. Nevertheless, following the policy change, the effective federal funds rate remained below not only the target but also the rate paid on reserve balances. We develop a model to explain this phenomenon and use data from the federal funds market to evaluate it empirically. In turn, we show how successful the Federal Reserve may be in raising the federal funds rate even in an environment with substantial reserve balances.
Available only in PDF
59 pages / 360 kb
59 pages / 360 kbFor a published version of this report, see Morten L. Bech and Elizabeth Klee, "The Mechanics of a Graceful Exit: Interest on Reserves and Segmentation in the Federal Funds Market," Journal of Monetary Economics 58, no. 5 (July 2011): 415-31.
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